cursor-lang/CursorLang.Agent/Windows/NativePopupWindow.cs

using System.Drawing;
using CursorLang.Agent.Interop;
using CursorLang.Agent.Services;
using CursorLang.Core.Interop;
using CursorLang.Core.Models;
using CursorLang.Core.Services;

namespace CursorLang.Agent.Windows;

/// <summary>
/// The popup with the short name of the layout, drawn by Win32 alone.
/// </summary>
/// <remarks>
/// A like-for-like replacement of the WPF popup this once was: a rounded rectangle of
/// radius 4 with 10×4 padding, the fill and the text colour from the settings, the whole
/// thing at the opacity from the settings, the name in Segoe UI SemiBold at the size
/// from the settings. Measured against it side by side, the two agreed to the pixel in
/// position and width.
///
/// The opacity comes from <c>SetLayeredWindowAttributes</c> and the rounded corners from
/// a window region, which is the cheaper of the two ways of doing it: the text keeps
/// ClearType, and no GDI+ or Direct2D is needed. The price is that a region is a binary
/// mask — the corners are cut without antialiasing. At radius 4 that is a stepped arc of
/// some fourteen pixels per corner, visible at eight times magnification and not at
/// natural size, which is why this way was kept.
///
/// Responsible only for showing the popup, its size and its place on screen: when to
/// take it down is decided by <see cref="LayoutPopupService"/>.
/// </remarks>
internal sealed class NativePopupWindow : NativeWindow, ILayoutPopupWindow
{
    private const string ClassName = "CursorLang.Agent.Popup";

    // The numbers of the XAML: Border CornerRadius="4" Padding="10,4", all in WPF units
    private const double CornerRadius = 4;
    private const double PaddingX = 10;
    private const double PaddingY = 4;

    private readonly AppSettings _settings;

    private string _text = string.Empty;
    private IntPtr _font;
    private IntPtr _background;

    private double _fontSize;
    private double _fontScale;
    private uint _backgroundColorRef;
    private byte? _alpha;
    private Size _regionSize;
    private int _regionRadius = -1;

    internal NativePopupWindow(AppSettings settings)
        : base(
            ClassName,
            "CursorLang popup",
            WindowNative.WS_POPUP,
            WindowNative.WS_EX_LAYERED | WindowNative.WS_EX_TOOLWINDOW |
            WindowNative.WS_EX_NOACTIVATE | WindowNative.WS_EX_TRANSPARENT |
            WindowNative.WS_EX_TOPMOST)
    {
        _settings = settings;
    }

    /// <summary>
    /// Shows the popup with the given text at the place set by the settings.
    /// </summary>
    public void ShowPopup(string text)
    {
        if (Handle == IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            return;
        }

        _text = text;

        bool atFixedPoint = _settings.PlacementMode == PopupPlacementMode.FixedPoint;
        PopupWindowNative.Rect work = default;
        PopupWindowNative.Rect anchor = default;
        double scale;

        if (atFixedPoint)
        {
            (work, scale) = PopupWindowNative.GetActiveMonitorWorkArea();
        }
        else
        {
            anchor = GetAnchor();
            scale = PopupWindowNative.GetScaleAt(new PopupWindowNative.Point { X = anchor.Left, Y = anchor.Top });
        }

        EnsureFont(scale);

        Size measured = MeasureText();
        int width = measured.Width + (2 * PopupLayout.ToPixels(PaddingX, scale));
        int height = measured.Height + (2 * PopupLayout.ToPixels(PaddingY, scale));

        PopupWindowNative.Point position = atFixedPoint
            ? PopupLayout.OnScreen(
                work, _settings.ScreenPosition, PopupLayout.ToPixels(_settings.ScreenMargin, scale), width, height)
            : PopupLayout.NearAnchor(anchor, AnchorSideForMode(), OffsetForMode(scale), width, height);

        PopupWindowNative.SetBounds(Handle, position.X, position.Y, width, height);

        ApplyRegion(width, height, PopupLayout.ToPixels(CornerRadius, scale));
        ApplyOpacity();

        if (!WindowNative.IsWindowVisible(Handle))
        {
            WindowNative.ShowWindow(Handle, WindowNative.SW_SHOWNOACTIVATE);
        }

        // The repaint is forced rather than left to the queue: a layout switch is
        // followed at once by the user looking at the popup, and a WM_PAINT waiting its
        // turn behind a slow message is exactly how stale text gets on screen
        WindowNative.InvalidateRect(Handle, IntPtr.Zero, false);
        WindowNative.UpdateWindow(Handle);
    }

    public void Hide()
    {
        if (Handle != IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            WindowNative.ShowWindow(Handle, WindowNative.SW_HIDE);
        }
    }

    /// <summary>Destroys the window. The agent only does this on the way out.</summary>
    public void Close() => Dispose();

    public override void Dispose()
    {
        ReleaseFont();

        if (_background != IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            GdiNative.DeleteObject(_background);
            _background = IntPtr.Zero;
        }

        base.Dispose();
    }

    protected override bool OnMessage(uint message, IntPtr wParam, IntPtr lParam, out IntPtr result)
    {
        result = IntPtr.Zero;

        if (message != WindowNative.WM_PAINT)
        {
            return false;
        }

        Paint();
        return true;
    }

    // The anchor point: the caret in the input field or the mouse cursor. The cursor
    // is a rectangle of zero size, so the corner computation is shared by both
    private PopupWindowNative.Rect GetAnchor()
    {
        if (_settings.PlacementMode == PopupPlacementMode.AtCaret &&
            CaretNative.TryGetCaretRect() is { } caret)
        {
            return caret;
        }

        return PopupLayout.AsAnchor(PopupWindowNative.GetCursorPosition());
    }

    // Every anchor mode has a side and an offset of its own
    private AnchorSide AnchorSideForMode() =>
        _settings.PlacementMode == PopupPlacementMode.AtCaret ? _settings.CaretSide : _settings.CursorSide;

    private int OffsetForMode(double scale) => PopupLayout.ToPixels(
        _settings.PlacementMode == PopupPlacementMode.AtCaret ? _settings.CaretOffset : _settings.CursorOffset,
        scale);

    private void Paint()
    {
        IntPtr deviceContext = GdiNative.BeginPaint(Handle, out GdiNative.PaintStruct paint);
        if (deviceContext == IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            return;
        }

        try
        {
            WindowNative.GetClientRect(Handle, out PopupWindowNative.Rect client);

            GdiNative.FillRect(deviceContext, ref client, EnsureBackground());

            if (_font == IntPtr.Zero || _text.Length == 0)
            {
                return;
            }

            IntPtr previousFont = GdiNative.SelectObject(deviceContext, _font);
            GdiNative.SetBkMode(deviceContext, GdiNative.TRANSPARENT);
            GdiNative.SetTextColor(deviceContext, GdiNative.ToColorRef(_settings.ForegroundColor));

            GdiNative.DrawText(deviceContext, _text, _text.Length, ref client,
                GdiNative.DT_SINGLELINE | GdiNative.DT_CENTER | GdiNative.DT_VCENTER |
                GdiNative.DT_NOPREFIX | GdiNative.DT_NOCLIP);

            GdiNative.SelectObject(deviceContext, previousFont);
        }
        finally
        {
            GdiNative.EndPaint(Handle, ref paint);
        }
    }

    private Size MeasureText()
    {
        IntPtr deviceContext = GdiNative.GetDC(Handle);
        if (deviceContext == IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            return Size.Empty;
        }

        try
        {
            IntPtr previousFont = GdiNative.SelectObject(deviceContext, _font);
            Size size = GdiNative.MeasureText(deviceContext, _text);
            GdiNative.SelectObject(deviceContext, previousFont);

            return size;
        }
        finally
        {
            GdiNative.ReleaseDC(Handle, deviceContext);
        }
    }

    // The font is rebuilt only when the size in the settings or the monitor changes:
    // creating one costs a trip to the font mapper, and the popup is shown often
    private void EnsureFont(double scale)
    {
        if (_font != IntPtr.Zero &&
            Math.Abs(_fontSize - _settings.FontSize) < 0.001 &&
            Math.Abs(_fontScale - scale) < 0.001)
        {
            return;
        }

        ReleaseFont();

        _fontSize = _settings.FontSize;
        _fontScale = scale;
        _font = GdiNative.CreateFont(_fontSize, scale);
    }

    private void ReleaseFont()
    {
        if (_font == IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            return;
        }

        GdiNative.DeleteObject(_font);
        _font = IntPtr.Zero;
    }

    private IntPtr EnsureBackground()
    {
        uint colorRef = GdiNative.ToColorRef(_settings.BackgroundColor);
        if (_background != IntPtr.Zero && _backgroundColorRef == colorRef)
        {
            return _background;
        }

        if (_background != IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            GdiNative.DeleteObject(_background);
        }

        _backgroundColorRef = colorRef;
        _background = GdiNative.CreateSolidBrush(colorRef);

        return _background;
    }

    // A region is in window coordinates, so a resize invalidates it. Reapplying it
    // every show would do no harm, but the system frees the old region each time and
    // the popup is shown far more often than it changes size
    private void ApplyRegion(int width, int height, int radius)
    {
        if (_regionSize.Width == width && _regionSize.Height == height && _regionRadius == radius)
        {
            return;
        }

        // The right and bottom edges of CreateRoundRectRgn are exclusive, and the
        // ellipse the corners are cut with is twice the radius across
        IntPtr region = GdiNative.CreateRoundRectRgn(0, 0, width + 1, height + 1, radius * 2, radius * 2);
        if (region == IntPtr.Zero)
        {
            return;
        }

        if (!WindowNative.SetWindowRgn(Handle, region, false))
        {
            GdiNative.DeleteObject(region);
            return;
        }

        _regionSize = new Size(width, height);
        _regionRadius = radius;
    }

    private void ApplyOpacity()
    {
        var alpha = (byte)Math.Clamp(Math.Round(_settings.Opacity * 255), 0, 255);
        if (alpha == _alpha)
        {
            return;
        }

        _alpha = alpha;
        WindowNative.SetAlpha(Handle, alpha);
    }
}